Final answer:
Harriet Martineau, an early sociologist, translated the writings of Auguste Comte into English and critiqued social issues such as slavery and women's rights.
Step-by-step explanation:
The woman among the first sociologists who studied the evils of slavery and also translated the writings of Auguste Comte was Harriet Martineau. Martineau was an early sociologist who significantly contributed to the field by introducing English-speaking scholars to sociology through her translations of Comte's works from French to English. Her sociological analysis extended to a variety of areas including economics, social class, religion, government, and notably, women's rights. Harriet Martineau is also remembered for her powerful critiques of the social and economic issues of her time, such as the inconsistencies she saw between the professed moral principles in the United States and the reality of social practices like slavery and the marginalization of women.