Final answer:
The Maya civilization developed a complex writing system utilizing hieroglyphs to record their history and culture.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Mesoamerican civilization that created a sophisticated writing system using hieroglyphs was the B) Maya. This writing system was an advanced form of communication that combined logographic and syllabic elements, allowing the Maya to record extensive historical, ceremonial, and genealogical information on various mediums including stone, pottery, and paper made from tree fibers. The Maya script is unique in the sense that it permitted them to document their own history and culture in a detailed manner, which later became an invaluable tool for scholars to understand their society.