Final answer:
Discretion is the mistress of the Palace Beautiful in The Pilgrim's Progress, while Prudence, Piety, and Mercy are the sisters who reside there.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mistress of the Palace Beautiful who asks Christian about his journey in John Bunyan's allegory The Pilgrim's Progress is not listed as an option in the question provided.
The characters Prudence, Piety, Mercy, and Hopeful do appear in the story, but the actual mistress of the Palace Beautiful is Discretion.
However, Prudence, Piety, and Mercy are the three sisters who reside at the Palace and interact with Christian after Discretion welcomes him. They engage in discussions with him about his faith and his journey.
As for the second question, the virtue that was not one of Benjamin Franklin's thirteen virtues is mercy. Franklin's list was a set of ethical guidelines that he created for personal improvement and included virtues like sincerity, temperance, and tranquility, but not mercy.