The numbered point in the diagram that represents the exchange of carbon through a geological process is Number 4. The Option D.
Carbon exchange through geological processes involves the movement of carbon between the Earth's surface, the atmosphere and the interior of the planet over long periods of time. This exchange occurs through the processes of weathering, sedimentation and subduction.
Weathering is an example of critical geological process where rocks and minerals on the Earth's surface break down due to various physical and chemical interactions with the environment.
During this process, carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere dissolves in rainwater, forming carbonic acid. This weak acid reacts with silicate minerals in rocks, releasing carbon ions.