Final answer:
The mathematical expression for the sale price after a 40% discount is applied to an item with an original market price of x dollars is S = x × 0.6.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks for a mathematical expression representing the sale price of an item after a discount is applied. The original price of the item is given as x dollars, and a 40% discount is deducted from this market price to find the sale price.
To calculate the sale price, we multiply the original price by the percentage of the price that remains after the discount is subtracted. Since a 40% discount is being applied, 100% - 40% = 60% of the original price remains. To express 60% as a decimal, we divide 60 by 100, getting 0.6.
The mathematical expression for the sale price (S) is therefore:
S = x × 0.6