Final answer:
Conditions such as stroke and congestive heart failure, as well as certain medications like morphine, are associated with central sleep apnea, a disorder characterized by the brain's failure to regulate breathing effectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
Some conditions associated with central sleep apnea include medical disorders that can damage the brain's respiratory centers, such as stroke and congestive heart failure. The breathing disruption in central sleep apnea is due to ineffective signals from the brain, unlike obstructive sleep apnea, which is caused by physical blockages in the airway. Pharmacologic agents like morphine may also affect respiratory rates, contributing to central sleep apnea. Symptoms are often similar to those of obstructive sleep apnea and can lead to significant health and safety concerns if untreated.