Question

A gene is a sequence of __________ that encodes a functional __________ .

A) alleles, chromosome
B) amino acids, protein
C) nucleotides, RNA
D) phenotypes, genotype
E) chromosomes, enzyme

Answer 1

A gene is a sequence of nucleotides that encodes the instructions for synthesizing a functional protein through the processes of transcription and translation.

Step-by-step explanation:

A gene is a sequence of nucleotides that encodes a functional protein. When a gene is expressed, the sequence of nucleotides in DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), which is then translated into a sequence of amino acids that form a protein. Each group of three nucleotides, known as a codon, corresponds to one amino acid in the protein sequence. This process is the foundation of how genetic information is used to produce the proteins necessary for cellular functions.