Question

How did the rise of Constantinople contribute to Roman culture?

Ancient Greek and Roman culture survived, but only until the fall of the Western Roman Empire.
Roman culture was abandoned after Constantinople's leader was overthrown by a Germanic prince.
Roman culture did not disappear because the traditions were kept alive by leaders in Constantinople.
Roman culture did not survive because it was blended with other Byzantine customs and traditions.

Answer 1

How did European nations protect themselves against raids by Barbary pirates? European governments stopped such raids by paying the Barbary States tributes. Why did Britain and France attack American merchant ships? Both sides wanted to keep U.S. shippers from supplying their enemy.