Final answer:
An electrolyte is a substance that allows ions to transfer between the electrode compartments. Ion pairs are held together by electrostatic forces, while undissociated electrolytes are held together by polar covalent O-H bonds.
Step-by-step explanation:
An electrolyte is a substance that allows ions to transfer between the electrode compartments, maintaining the system's electrical neutrality. The forces responsible for the formation of electrolytes can be categorized into two types. Ion pairs, like Ca²+ SO4²-, are held together by simple electrostatic attractive forces between the cation and the anion. On the other hand, undissociated electrolytes, like C6H5CO₂H, are held together by polar covalent O-H bonds.