Final answer:
Indonesia has a significant number of endemic species due to its rich biodiversity and unique habitats, but they face threats from human activities like deforestation and land conversion for agriculture.
Step-by-step explanation:
Indonesia is home to a large number of endemic species, which are species that are unique to a defined geographic location and found nowhere else. The archipelago's diverse habitats, from rainforests to mountain ranges, contribute to its status as one of the world's leaders in biodiversity, second only to Brazil.
Among these endemic species are the Sumatran tiger and the orangutan, with unique species such as Pongo pygmaeus found only in the rainforests of Borneo and Pongo abelii only in Sumatra. Sadly, these species face threats from human activities such as deforestation and habitat destruction due to the expansion of oil palm plantations, urbanization, and roads.