Final answer:
The three major classes of cellular RNAs involved in protein synthesis are mRNA, which carries genetic instructions, rRNA, which forms part of ribosomes, and tRNA, which delivers amino acids to ribosomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The three major classes of cellular RNAs are messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA). These molecules play essential roles in the synthesis of proteins within cells. Transfer RNA (tRNA): It carries amino acids during protein synthesis and matches them with the corresponding codons on mRNA. Messenger RNA (mRNA): It carries the genetic instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where protein synthesis occurs.
mRNA serves as the template carrying genetic instructions from DNA to the cytoplasm, where it guides protein synthesis. rRNA is a key component of ribosomes, the cellular machines that assemble proteins. tRNA, on the other hand, transports amino acids to the ribosome to be incorporated into the growing protein chain.