Question

Which of the following systems are thermodynamically stable?

I. Emulsions
II. Microemulsions
III. Association colloids (i.e. micellar solutions)
a.I only
b.III only
c.I and II
d.II and III
e.I, II and III

Answer 1

Emulsions, microemulsions, and association colloids are thermodynamically stable colloidal systems.

Step-by-step explanation:

Emulsions are thermodynamically stable colloidal systems. They consist of two immiscible liquids, such as oil and water, where one liquid is dispersed as tiny droplets in the other liquid.

Microemulsions are also thermodynamically stable. They are transparent and isotropic colloidal systems with droplet sizes smaller than those in emulsions.

Association colloids, or micellar solutions, are thermodynamically stable as well. They are formed when amphiphilic molecules, such as soaps or detergents, self-assemble into micelles in a solvent.

Therefore, the correct answer is e. I, II, and III.