Final answer:
Francisco Pizarro captured Inca Emperor Atahualpa during his first expedition to the Inca Empire after arriving in Peru with a small force and using deceit under the guise of peace.
Step-by-step explanation:
During Francisco Pizarro's first expedition to the Inca Empire, he arrived in Peru in 1532 with a small contingent of 168 men, 62 of whom were horse soldiers. Pizarro sent Hernán de Soto as an envoy to Atahualpa, the Inca emperor, under the pretense of peaceful intentions.
Despite this, Pizarro and his men laid a trap for Atahualpa, capturing him at their meeting in Cajamarca in the highlands of Peru. This event led to the conquest of the Inca Empire, with Pizarro eventually founding the city of Lima and asserting Spanish dominance over the region.