Final answer:
Prokaryotic cells are typically smaller than eukaryotic cells and have a higher surface-to-volume ratio, influencing their metabolic and nutrient exchange rates.
Step-by-step explanation:
Generally speaking, prokaryotic cells are smaller and have a higher surface-to-volume ratio than eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells, which encompass the domains Bacteria and Archaea, lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles that are found in eukaryotic cells. Conversely, eukaryotic cells, including those of animals, plants, fungi, and protists, contain a true nucleus surrounded by a membrane and various membrane-bound organelles which contribute to their larger size. As a result of their smaller size, prokaryotic cells have a higher surface-to-volume ratio which can influence their rate of metabolism and nutrient exchange.