Final answer:
The sensitive mucosa that triggers the cough reflex is the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). It is part of the mucosal defense system, producing mucus to trap and remove pathogens from the body.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sensitive mucosa that triggers the cough reflex is known as the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). Mucous membranes, which include the mucosa, are vital for the defense mechanisms of the body. They secrete mucus, a slimy substance that traps pathogens and foreign particles. The mucosa of the respiratory tract is lined with cilia that help move the mucus along with trapped substances toward the throat where it can be expelled or swallowed. The act of coughing is a reflex that helps clear the passages from irritants and mucus.
Mucosal Immune System
The mucosal immune system is an integral part of the overall immune defense, guarding the entrances to the body such as the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urogenital tracts. When irritants are detected by the mucosa, it can initiate the cough reflex by activating nerves in the respiratory pathways, resulting in a cough that expels the irritant.