Final answer:
Cognition is essentially synonymous with B. thinking, capturing various mental processes such as knowledge acquisition, problem solving, and memory.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cognition is a synonym for thinking. This term refers to the mental actions or processes involved in gaining knowledge and comprehension, including aspects such as awareness, perception, reasoning, and judgment. Cognition encompasses processes associated with perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgment, language, and memory. Cognitive psychology, which studies cognition, touches upon how we integrate, organize, and utilize conscious cognitive experiences while also encompassing much of the unconscious work our brains perform.
Regarding the provided options, cognitive learning is described as involving the manipulation of information in the mind, and is indeed complex, engaging multiple brain processes. The study of cognition is essentially about how the brain thinks, perceives, plans, analyzes, and remembers information.