Final answer:
Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter and an amino acid that plays a crucial role in the CNS. It is involved in various physiological processes such as cognition, memory, and neural communication.
Step-by-step explanation:
Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter and an amino acid that plays a crucial role in the central nervous system (CNS). It is released from glutamatergic neurons and acts as a signaling molecule in the brain. Glutamate binds to specific receptors in the postsynaptic membrane to conduct excitatory transmission. It is involved in various physiological processes such as cognition, memory, and neural communication.