Final answer:
Multifetal pregnancies are associated with an increased risk of complications such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and a greater likelihood of cesarean section. These complications arise from the higher physiological demands of supporting more than one fetus.
Step-by-step explanation:
Complications that can occur as a result of a multifetal pregnancy (twins or more) include increased risk of gestational diabetes, a higher chance of preeclampsia, and an increased likelihood of having a cesarean section. These risks are contrasted with primarily single-fetus pregnancies where the potential for these complications is generally lower. It is important to note that a multifetal pregnancy is not associated with a decreased risk of preterm labor, but rather it increases the risk.
In a multifetal pregnancy, the mother's body is supporting more than one fetus, which leads to greater physiological demands. For instance, higher levels of certain hormones can lead to gestational diabetes, and the larger volume of placental tissue can contribute to preeclampsia, characterized by high blood pressure and potential damage to organ systems. Additionally, the physical presence of multiple fetuses often leads to space constraints within the womb, increasing the chance that a cesarean section will be required to safely deliver the babies.