Final answer:
The major cause of maternal death related to the administration of general anesthesia is aspiration, which can lead to severe respiratory complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
The major cause of maternal death when general anesthesia is administered is aspiration. Aspiration refers to the entry of stomach contents into the lungs, which can cause a severe inflammatory response leading to respiratory distress, pneumonia, and potentially to respiratory failure. This risk is particularly high under general anesthesia because the protective airway reflexes are diminished, increasing the likelihood of aspiration during this state. While other complications such as respiratory depression, cardiac arrest, and anaphylaxis are also potential risks associated with anesthesia, aspiration is the most frequent cause of mortality during anesthesia in pregnant women. It is crucial that anesthesiologists take preventive measures to reduce the risk of aspiration, especially in expecting mothers.