Final answer:
A bond with an unequal attraction for the shared pair of electrons and an unbalanced distribution of charge is called a polar covalent bond, where the electrons are shared unequally due to differences in electronegativity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The bond described in the question is a polar covalent bond. This type of bond occurs when the electrons are shared unequally between two atoms due to a difference in electronegativity. When one atom has a higher electronegativity than the other, it attracts the shared electrons more strongly, resulting in an unbalanced distribution of electron density. This creates partial positive and negative charges on the atoms involved.
A classic example of a polar covalent bond is the bond between hydrogen and oxygen in water (H2O), where oxygen has a higher electronegativity and thus, a greater attraction for the shared electrons.