Final answer:
A landlocked country lacks access to an ocean, which can complicate international trade and development. These countries often have to rely on cooperation with neighbors for access to trade and may face unique challenges like water shortages and underdeveloped infrastructure.
Step-by-step explanation:
A landlocked country lacks access to an ocean or major waterway, requiring greater cooperation with neighboring countries for access to trade routes and resources. These countries often have to negotiate transit agreements to move goods through other nations with ports. Being landlocked can also impact a country's development, as they may have less developed infrastructure such as transportation systems and consistent electricity supply, making it difficult to engage in global trade effectively.
Moreover, without direct access to large bodies of water, these countries might also face challenges such as a lack of clean water for human consumption and relying heavily on agriculture or outside investments in mining and natural resources for their economies.
Geographically and demographically, countries vary significantly; some are landlocked while others have extensive coastlines. This can create varying opportunities and challenges for economic growth, health, and environmental sustainability. For instance, landlocked countries in regions like Sub-Saharan Africa are particularly vulnerable to water shortages, which could lead to future crises if not addressed.