Final answer:
The Indus River Valley Civilization is considered advanced due to urban planning, technological advancements, cultural and artistic achievements, agricultural innovation, and a unique writing system.
Step-by-step explanation:
Scholars consider the Indus River Valley Civilization as advanced because of several factors.
- Urban planning: The civilization had well-organized cities with orderly streets and advanced drainage systems.
- Technological advancements: The residents of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro developed sophisticated water engineering and built citywide drainage systems, as well as indoor toilets connected to this network.
- Cultural and artistic achievements: The civilization had a rich spiritual life, with altars featuring fire and incense, ceremonial bathing, and a symbolic vocabulary using revered animals. Dedicated artisans created jewelry and fabrics.
- Agricultural innovation: The civilization practiced irrigated agriculture and had a high degree of labor specialization, allowing for successful farming and large urban centers.
- Writing system: The Indus script, although still undeciphered, indicates a level of complexity and cultural and administrative organization.