Final answer:
Latent learning, related to cognition and the work of Edward C. Tolman, involves acquiring knowledge without expressing it immediately, highlighting the cognitive aspects of learning beyond direct reinforcement.
Step-by-step explanation:
Learning a behavior but not expressing it right away is part of latent learning, which is a concept that was extensively studied by psychologist Edward C. Tolman. Latent learning is a type of non-reinforced learning that occurs without immediate rewards and may remain hidden until there is a motive to demonstrate it. This theory is significant as it suggests a cognitive component to learning, diverging from the classical and operant conditioning principles which emphasize direct reinforcement. Tolman's work, along with Albert Bandura's social learning theory, laid the groundwork for understanding how cognition plays a role in learning processes, with Bandura emphasizing observational learning and the importance of cognitive processes such as attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation.