Question

Drag each label to the correct location. Match the changed nucleotide sequences to the mutations that cause them.

A) Silent mutation, Missense mutation, Nonsense mutation, Frameshift mutation
B) Nonsense mutation, Frameshift mutation, Silent mutation, Missense mutation
C) Frameshift mutation, Nonsense mutation, Missense mutation, Silent mutation
D) Missense mutation, Silent mutation, Frameshift mutation, Nonsense mutation

Answer 1

A frameshift mutation occurs when a number of nucleotides that is not divisible by three is inserted or deleted from a DNA sequence, disrupting the reading frame and altering the translation. A missense mutation involves changing a single nucleotide, leading to the substitution of a different amino acid.

Step-by-step explanation:

A frameshift mutation occurs when a number of nucleotides that is not divisible by three is inserted or deleted from a DNA sequence. This disrupts the reading frame and can completely alter the translation of the gene.

For example, if a single nucleotide is inserted, it will shift the reading frame and change all subsequent codons, resulting in a completely different amino acid sequence.

On the other hand, a missense mutation is a type of point mutation where a single nucleotide is changed, resulting in the substitution of a different amino acid. This can cause changes in protein function and potentially lead to diseases, like sickle-cell anemia.

A nonsense mutation occurs when a point mutation changes the codon for an amino acid to a stop codon, prematurely terminating protein synthesis and resulting in a nonfunctional protein.