Final answer:
The correct answer to the analogy 'Morality is to ethics as' is 'Life is to biology,' since life represents a broad category and biology is the study of all aspects of life.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the analogy "Morality is to ethics," we're looking for a pair that reflects a similar relationship between a broader concept and a more specific category within that concept. Among the provided options:
- Mechanic is to a car does not fit, as a mechanic works on cars but does not represent a larger category of which cars are a part.
- Penguin is to flamingo does not reflect the relationship because both are specific types of birds but one does not encompass the other.
- Life is to biology is the correct analogy, as life represents a broad category, and biology is the study that encompasses all aspects of life, much like morality being a broad category and ethics the discipline that studies moral principles.
- Number is to mathematical equations is reversed; mathematical equations are a broader category, and numbers are a component within them.
In summary, the relationship between morality and ethics is analogous to the relationship between life and biology.