Final answer:
Anterograde and retrograde axonal transport are forms of fast transport, involving the movement of materials within neurons to and from the cell body.
Step-by-step explanation:
Anterograde and retrograde axonal transport are forms of fast transport. These mechanisms are crucial for the movement of materials within a neuron. Anterograde transport carries materials from the cell body towards the synapses, aiding in synaptic transmission and the growth of nerve processes. Conversely, retrograde transport moves materials from the nerve terminals back to the cell body for recycling or signaling purposes. The speed of axonal transport is also influenced by the morphology of the axon itself. For example, a thick, myelinated axon is probably going to propagate an action potential fastest due to the insulating properties of the myelin sheath and the larger diameter of the axon, which reduces electrical resistance.