Final answer:
The systems approach to management focuses on the holistic view and interconnectedness of an organization, except for a compartmentalized view with a segmented line of authority.
Step-by-step explanation:
The systems approach to management has all of the following characteristics except:
a. A view of the organization from a holistic perspective
b. A view of the organization as a unified system with all parts intimately related
c. A view of the organization in compartments with a segmented line of authority to the top
d. An integrative view of the organization that pulls resources and energy from routinized systems that form a foundation for the organization
The first two focus on hierarchical roles within an organization, while the last takes a more holistic view.
The first two perspectives address large-scale issues facing groups, while the last examines more detailed aspects.