Final answer:
The student's effort driven by a desire to avoid guilt or shame is an example of controlled motivation, a form of extrinsic motivation discussed in self-determination theory.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of motivation that explains the student's effort in school when they say, "I try so hard so I won't feel guilty or ashamed of myself" is controlled motivation. This is a sub-type of extrinsic motivation where actions are influenced by external factors, such as avoiding guilt or shame, rather than by intrinsic enjoyment or satisfaction from the activity itself.
According to self-determination theory, controlled motivation contrasts with autonomous motivation, where a person's behavior is aligned with their personal values and desires, leading to a greater sense of volition and choice.