Final answer:
Ignatius Loyola was the founder of the Society of Jesus, requiring a vow of obedience to the pope.
Step-by-step explanation:
The individual who founded the Society of Jesus, also known as the Jesuits, and required all members to take a vow of absolute obedience to the pope was A) Ignatius Loyola.
The Jesuits played a significant role in the Catholic Reformation, focusing on the education of young men, conversion efforts, and serving as advisors to Catholic rulers. Ignatius of Loyola's creation of this order was a crucial part of the counter-reformation efforts against Protestantism.
The Spanish founder of the Society of Jesus who required all members to take a vow of absolute obedience to the pope is Ignatius Loyola. Ignatius of Loyola was a Spanish noble who founded the Jesuits or the Society of Jesus in the 16th century.
The Jesuits played a significant role in the Catholic Reformation, focusing on education, missionary work, and advising Catholic rulers.