Final answer:
Phonological processing of pronunciation and articulation is mainly associated with the temporal lobe of the brain, which is responsible for auditory processing and language comprehension.
Step-by-step explanation:
The phonological processing of pronunciation and articulation occurs in the temporal portion of the brain. The temporal lobes are located at the sides of the head below the frontal and parietal lobes, and they enable hearing, the formation, and retrieval of memories, and the integration of memories with sensations. Information about sounds is primarily sent to the temporal lobe, which contains the auditory cortex responsible for processing auditory information. The temporal lobe also includes areas essential for language comprehension, such as Wernicke's area, and is involved in the processing of speech, memory, and emotion.