Final answer:
Deductive reasoning is a type of logical thinking used in hypothesis-based science. It involves using a general principle or law to predict specific outcomes. It is a valuable tool in scientific research.
Step-by-step explanation:
Deductive reasoning, also known as deduction, is a type of logical thinking used in hypothesis-based science. It involves using a general principle or law to predict specific outcomes. For example, if scientists predict that the climate is becoming warmer in a region, they can deduce that the distribution of plants and animals should change based on this general principle. Deductive reasoning is a valuable tool in scientific research as it allows scientists to make predictions and test hypotheses.