Final answer:
Microfiltration reduces substances like bacteria, color, and turbidity in wastewater, leaving it mostly water with fewer solids and organic particles, but further treatment may be needed for potability.
Step-by-step explanation:
During microfiltration, a wastewater treatment process, substances such as bacteria, colour, and turbidity are significantly reduced. Microfiltration involves passing wastewater through layers of sand, gravel, and sometimes charcoal to remove small particles.
Immediately after microfiltration, the wastewater is composed primarily of water with significantly fewer solids, organic particles, and reduced bacterial content. However, it still may contain nitrogen, phosphorus, and may not be potable without further treatment such as disinfection.