Final answer:
Monotheism and the concept of equality were significant cultural ideas that shaped the time period of Judaism's founding.
Step-by-step explanation:
Monotheism and the concept of the essential spiritual equality of human beings were two significant cultural ideas that shaped the time period in which Judaism was founded.
After the Exodus from Egypt, Jews became a monotheistic society, worshipping only one God. The concept of monotheism was unique in the ancient world and would eventually become influential in shaping Western Civilization and world history.