The genotype of a round pea is homozygous dominant, represented as AA.
The explanation involves understanding the principles of Mendelian genetics. In this case, the gene that determines the shape of peas has two alleles: a dominant allele (A), associated with a round shape, and a recessive allele (a), associated with a wrinkly shape. Each individual has two copies of this gene, forming their genotype.
A round pea can have one of two possible genotypes: homozygous dominant (AA) or heterozygous (Aa). The homozygous dominant genotype means that both copies of the gene are of the dominant allele (A), resulting in a round shape. On the other hand, the heterozygous genotype (Aa) also leads to a round shape since the dominant allele masks the expression of the recessive allele.
So, when referring to the genotype of a round pea, it can either be homozygous dominant (AA) or heterozygous (Aa), both of which result in the round phenotype. This explanation encapsulates the basic principles of Mendelian inheritance and the specific alleles associated with the round shape of peas.