Question

When a bacteriophage genome incorporates itself into the chromosome of the host, that phage genome is

referred to as a(n) ________.
A) T4 phage
B) prophage
C) episome
D) lytic phage
E) temperate phage

Answer 1

The correct term for a bacteriophage genome that is incorporated into a host's chromosome is a prophage. It is part of the lysogenic cycle and can switch to the lytic cycle under environmental stress.

Step-by-step explanation:

When a bacteriophage genome is incorporated into the chromosome of the host, the correct term for the phage genome is a prophage. During the lysogenic cycle, a temperate phage's DNA merges with the bacterial host's DNA rather than immediately causing harm to the host. The integrated phage genome can remain inactive within the cell for an extended period; however, it can be induced to exit this latent state and enter into the lytic cycle under certain environmental stressors like starvation or exposure to toxic chemicals. This cycle leads to the production of new phages and the eventual lysis of the host cell.