Final answer:
A cis-effect is a form of gene regulation that can occur between two DNA segments that are not physically adjacent. Enhancers are an example of distal cis-acting elements that can increase the rate of transcription by binding to transcription factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
A cis-effect is a form of gene regulation that can occur between two DNA segments that are not physically adjacent. In eukaryotes, gene regulation involves the binding of transcription factors to specific DNA sequences known as cis-acting elements.
These elements can be proximal to the promoter of a gene or distal to it. enhancers are an example of distal cis-acting elements that can increase the rate of transcription by binding to transcription factors.