Final answer:
The untranslated regions (UTRs) of an mRNA do not encode any amino acids of a protein. These UTRs include the 5' UTR and the 3' UTR, which are found before and after the protein-coding region. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) can bind to these regions and affect mRNA stability.
Step-by-step explanation:
The regions of a Messenger RNA (mRNA) that do not encode any amino acids of a protein are called the untranslated regions (UTRs). These UTRs are found at both ends of the mRNA, before and after the protein-coding region.
The region just before the protein-coding region is called the 5' UTR, and the region after the coding region is called the 3' UTR.
Proteins called RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) can bind to these UTRs and influence the stability of the mRNA molecule.