Final answer:
Mary is in the early adulthood stage of her lifespan, a period typically associated with completing education, starting a career, and forming relationships. During this time, physical strength and fertility are at their peak.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mary, a 22-year-old graduate student, is in a period of the lifespan called early adulthood. This stage is typically associated with the 20s and early 30s, where individuals often complete their education, start their careers, and form intimate relationships. During early adulthood, physical strength and performance are usually at their peak, and for females, this phase includes the years of peak fertility.
Contrary to the options provided, which discuss the menstrual cycle and its phases, including menarche and menopause, Mary's stage of life does not correspond to any of those options. Instead, it is defined by psychological and social development associated with starting and establishing her independent adult life. Early adulthood is a critical period where many life-defining moments occur, such as career development and possibly starting a family.