Question

Which of the following statements is aligned with a critique of the modernization theory?

1) The theory is ethnocentric.
2) The theory is not applicable to current economies.
3) The theory is more applicable to social inequality than global inequality.
4) The theory does not have a sociological premise.

Answer 1

The critique that modernization theory is ethnocentric is aligned with common criticisms as it represents a Western-centric view of development overlooking the unique contexts of different countries.

Step-by-step explanation:

Among the critiques of modernization theory, the statement that the theory is ethnocentric aligns with common criticisms. The ethnocentric bias is a fundamental critique because it implies that all countries should aspire to the same model of development, one that is modeled after Western, particularly European, experiences and values. Critics believe that the theory wrongly presupposes that industrialization and technological advancement are appropriate and desirable goals for all nations.

They argue that the theory fails to consider the unique historical, cultural, and social contexts of different countries, and overlooks the fact that development might take multiple forms.