Final answer:
When an abiotic factor is out of the range of tolerance for an animal, it becomes a) limiting factor. Hence, a) is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
When an abiotic factor is out of the range of tolerance for an animal, it becomes a/an limiting factor. Abiotic factors are non-living components of an ecosystem that can affect the survival and growth of organisms.
When an abiotic factor, such as temperature or pH level, exceeds the range of tolerance for an animal, it can limit the animal's ability to survive and reproduce.
For example, if the temperature becomes too high for a particular species of fish, it may struggle to find enough oxygen to survive and reproduce. This makes temperature a limiting factor for that species of fish.