Final answer:
The moon is made from debris formed by a colossal impact between Earth and a Mars-sized body, as per the widely accepted Giant Impact Hypothesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to the most commonly accepted theory of the moon's formation, known as the Giant Impact Hypothesis, the moon was made from debris resulting from a collision between Earth and a Mars-sized body approximately 4.5 billion years ago.
This theory not only explains the absence of metals on the Moon due to the high-temperature impact, which led to the volatilization of metals but also accounts for the similar oxygen isotope ratios found on both the Earth and the Moon.
The three other hypotheses—the fission hypothesis, the sister hypothesis, and the capture hypothesis—fail to account for the specific chemical makeup and characteristics of the Moon as effectively as the giant impact hypothesis.