Final answer:
The right portal vein branch divides to supply blood to the segments of the lower portion of the liver, including nutrients absorbed from the small intestine. The liver has a dual blood supply from the hepatic artery and the hepatic portal vein, and it processes these inputs to detoxify and metabolize components before they re-enter the systemic circulation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The right portal vein divides and supplies blood to the segments of the lower portion of the liver. These segments make up the functional distribution of the liver, segmenting it into distinct lobes. The hepatic portal vein is crucial for this blood supply, delivering nutrients and carrying deoxygenated blood from the digestive tract directly to the liver for processing.
Upon entering the liver at the porta hepatis, the right portal vein further divides into branches that supply the various lobes and segments within the liver. The liver's unique dual blood supply comes from the hepatic artery and the hepatic portal vein, processing blood from both sources within its lobular structure for detoxification, metabolism, and storage of nutrients.
The liver segments receive blood that includes nutrients absorbed from the small intestine and regulates overall systemic blood composition by metabolizing absorbed digestive components. The processed blood from the liver exits via the hepatic veins into the inferior vena cava.