Final answer:
The form of global power relationship involving economic exploitation by multinational corporations mentioned by dependency theorists is known as neocolonialism. It represents economic control and exploitation without direct political governance, similar to historical European colonialism, and is facilitated by powerful entities through financial instruments and economic relief programs.
Step-by-step explanation:
Dependency theorists describe a form of global power relationship characterized by economic exploitation by multinational corporations as neocolonialism. Unlike direct political control through colonialism, neocolonialism involves exploiting a country for economic gain without physical control. This modern form of exploitation echoes historical European colonialism, where nations were subjugated for their resources, labor, and markets. Today's multinational corporations may not own a country or run a government directly, but they exert significant influence for profit-making, often through economic relief programs enforced by powerful agencies like the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), which intensify the dependency cycle.