Final answer:
Newtonian fluids have a constant viscosity regardless of the applied shear stress, while Non-Newtonian fluids have a varying viscosity when stress is applied.
Step-by-step explanation:
The difference between Newtonian fluids and Non-Newtonian fluids lies in their response to applied shear stress. Newtonian fluids have a constant viscosity, meaning their resistance to flow doesn't change with the rate at which they're sheared. In contrast, Non-Newtonian fluids do not have a constant viscosity; their viscosity may change when stress is applied, meaning they might become either more viscous (thicker) or less viscous (thinner).
When considering laminar and turbulent flow, laminar flow is characterized by smooth, orderly layers of fluid that do not mix, while turbulent flow features chaotic, swirling motions that cause mixing of fluid layers. Vicosity plays a crucial role in how these flows are described and understood within the realm of fluid dynamics.