Question

Which type of hormone receptors, including insulin, are typically found at the surface of the plasma membrane?

a) Lipid-based
b) Protein-based
c) Nucleic acid-based
d) Carbohydrate-based

Answer 1

Insulin and similar hormones are lipid insoluble and thus bind to protein-based receptors found on the cell surface of the plasma membrane to regulate bodily functions.

Step-by-step explanation:

The type of hormone receptors found at the surface of the plasma membrane, including those for insulin, are protein-based. Lipid-derived hormones, like steroid hormones, can pass through the plasma membrane and typically interact with intracellular receptors.

In contrast, peptide and amino acid-derived hormones are lipid insoluble and cannot cross the plasma membrane, hence they require cell surface receptors to exert their effects.

Insulin is a perfect example of a hormone that is protein-based and binds to receptors on the outer surface of the plasma membrane. This interaction is crucial for the hormone's function, which is to regulate glucose uptake and metabolism in the body.