Final answer:
The postprandial blood glucose and insulin response refers to the increase in blood glucose and insulin in response to a standard amount of food.
Step-by-step explanation:
The increase in blood glucose and insulin in response to a standard amount of food is known as postprandial blood glucose and insulin response. After a meal, blood glucose levels rise, triggering the release of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin then stimulates body cells to take up glucose from the blood, bringing the blood glucose levels back to normal.