Final answer:
The term for the inner voice that criticizes oneself is the 'Inner Critic.' It's a psychological concept referring to the mental voice that can negatively judge and demean a person.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term used to describe the inner voice that criticizes oneself is the Inner Critic. This concept is part of psychology and refers to the mental voice that often judges and demeans a person's actions, abilities, or characteristics. When a student is revising her first paper and has an internal monologue, she might engage in self-criticism, which can either push her towards improving her work or, if excessively negative, can hinder her confidence and productivity.