Final answer:
Statement A is true as oxygen can be toxic to some prokaryotic organisms. Statement B is false because mitochondria likely evolved from aerobic, not anaerobic bacteria. Statement C is false because photosynthetic bacteria conduct photosynthesis without chloroplasts.
Step-by-step explanation:
Indicate whether the following statements are true or false. If the statement is false, explain why it is false.
- A. Oxygen is toxic to certain prokaryotic organisms. True. Many prokaryotes developed in environments lacking oxygen, and the presence of oxygen can be harmful or lethal to these anaerobic organisms.
- B. Mitochondria are thought to have evolved from anaerobic bacteria. False. Mitochondria are believed to have evolved from aerobic bacteria through a process known as endosymbiosis, not anaerobic bacteria.
- C. Photosynthetic bacteria contain chloroplasts. False. Photosynthetic bacteria perform photosynthesis using their internal photosynthetic membranes but do not contain chloroplasts, which are specific to eukaryotic cells.
As accommodated by the AP® Biology Curriculum Framework, these insights underscore the complex evolutionary history of organisms, particularly with regard to features like metabolism and the symbiotic origin of some organelles.