Final answer:
Daniels derives the right to health care from John Rawls's 'difference principle,' where inequalities are arranged to benefit the least advantaged, reflecting the welfare state ideology and protecting basic freedoms for all.
Step-by-step explanation:
Daniels argues for a right to health care, deriving it from John Rawls’s principle of “the difference principle”, which states that social and economic inequalities must be arranged to be of the greatest benefit to the least advantaged members of society. This principle is part of Rawls’ larger theory of justice, which aims to create societal conditions where the well-being of citizens is a crucial aspect of government responsibility. It's consistent with the notion of a welfare state, where people have a right to certain services, such as healthcare, even if they have not personally worked to earn them, because it benefits the entire society, especially the least advantaged. While some criticize Rawls for this approach, his response is that inequalities are only permissible so long as they do not lead to unequal liberties, thus protecting the basic freedoms of all.