Question

Glucose can be classified as an aldohexose. Name the following monosaccharide to indicate its carbonyl group and the number of carbon atoms. Spell out the name of the monosaccharide, including the carbonyl group and the number of carbon atoms.

a) Glucose

b) Fructose

c) Ribose

d) Galactose

Answer 1

a) Glucose is classified as an Aldohexose.

b) Fructose as a Ketohexose.

c) Ribose as an A-l-d-o-p-e-n-t-o-s-e.

d) Galactose as an Aldohexose.

Step-by-step explanation:

Monosaccharides can be classified based on their carbonyl group and the number of carbon atoms they contain. An aldose monosaccharide contains an aldehyde group, and a ketose monosaccharide contains a ketone group. Furthermore, the number of carbon atoms will determine if it is a triose (three carbons), tetrose (four carbons), pentose (five carbons), or hexose (six carbons).

The monosaccharide names for the molecules you provided would be as follows

a) Glucose - Aldohexose: An aldose containing six carbon atoms.

b) Fructose - Ketohexose: A ketose also with six carbon atoms.

c) Ribose - A-l-d-o-p-e-n-t-o-s-e: An aldose containing five carbon atoms.

d) Galactose - Aldohexose: Another aldose with a structure similar to glucose, containing six carbon atoms.

These names reflect both the type of carbonyl group present (aldehyde or ketone) and the number of carbon atoms in the monosaccharide.